From: The human microglial HMC3 cell line: where do we stand? A systematic literature review
Markers | Original characterization | CHME3 cells | HMC3 cells | References | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Resting | Stimulated | Resting | Stimulated | Resting | Stimulated | ||
Pro-inflammatory molecules | |||||||
IL-6 | 1553 ± 142 | IL-1α: > 2500 LPS: 2110 ± 111 | 20–950/sizable amount | LPS: 2–4 fold ↑ IL-1β: 50 fold ↑ IFNγ: modest ↑ IL-1β + IFNγ: additional ↑ Aβ1–40: 2–12 fold ↑ Aβ1–40 + IFNγ: no- additional ↑ Aβ1–42: no effect α-MSH: ↑ EPA: ↑ HCV NS3: ↑ | Sizable amount /(mRNA level) | HIV-vector: ↑ HIV-U937: ↑ | |
TNFα | ND | ND | 4–8/ND | Aβ1–40: no effect Aβ1–42: modest ↑ HCV NS3: ↑ | (mRNA level) | ||
IL-1α | ND | Aβ1–40: no effect | [47] | ||||
IL-1β | ND | Aβ1–40: no effect HCV NS3: ↑ | ND /(mRNA level) | ||||
Caspase-1 | ND | Aβ1–40: no effect | [47] | ||||
IL-12 | LPS:↑ | [52] | |||||
IFNγ | LPS:↑ | ND | |||||
iNOS | 16% of cells (positive immunoreactivity) | (mRNA level) | |||||
ROS | Sizable amount | HIV TAT-C protein: modest ↑ | |||||
Antinflammatory molecules | |||||||
IL-4 | ND | [30] | |||||
IL-10 | 5,4 | Aβ1–42: no effect | ND | ||||
TGFβ1 | ~ 8 | (mRNA level) | |||||
TGFβ2 | ~ 100 | [37] | |||||
Chemokines | |||||||
CCL2 | HIV-U937: ↑ | [30] | |||||
CCL5 | Sizable amount | HIV-vector: ↑ HIV-U937: ↑ | [30] | ||||
IL-8 | HCV NS3: ↑ | [40] | |||||
CXCL10 | HIV-vector: ↑ HIV-U937: ↑ | [30] |