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Fig. 3 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 3

From: Relevant mediators involved in and therapies targeting the inflammatory response induced by activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in ischemic stroke

Fig. 3

Possible drug actions targeting the different mechanisms of NLRP3 inflammasome activation. EPA: eicosapentaenoic acid; MNS: 3,4-methylenedioxy-beta-nitrostyrene; ω-3FAs: omega-3 fatty acids; ARC: arctigenin; SINO: sinomenine; Nrf2: nuclear factor erythrocyte 2–related factor 2; BHB: β-hydroxybutyrate; NM: nafamostat mesilate; IFN-β: interferon-β; UMB: umbelliferone; Eze: ezetimibe; IVIG: intravenous immunoglobulin; GDL: ginkgo diterpene lactones; DAMP: damage-associated molecular pattern; GPR40/GPR20: G protein–coupled receptor (GPCR) 40/20; ASIC: acid-sensing ion channel; CasR/GPR6CA: Ca2+-sensing receptor/GPCR family C group 6 member A; NCX: Na+/Ca2+ exchanger; IL-18R: interleukin-18 receptor; IL-1R: interleukin-1 receptor; TLR4: Toll-like receptor 4; NF-κB: nuclear factor kappa B; MAPK: mitogen-activated protein kinase; PIP2: phosphatidylinositol-4,5-diphosphate; PLC: phospholipase C; DAG: diacylglycerol; InsP3: inositol triphosphate 3; ROS: reactive oxygen species; ASC: apoptosis-associated speck-like protein with a CARD; PKR: protein kinase R; TXNIP: thioredoxin-interacting protein; Bcl-2: B-cell lymphoma 2; Casp 1: caspase-1; GSDMD: gasdermin D

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