Figure 2From: The microglial NADPH oxidase complex as a source of oxidative stress in Alzheimer's diseaseActivation of the Rac GTPase. GTP-binding of the Rac protein confers an "active" confirmation allowing Rac to modulate downstream effectors. Rac is regulated by upstream effectors know as GEFs which facilitate the exchange of GDP for GTP and increase the amount of active Rac.Back to article page