Fig. 7From: The impact of dextran sodium sulphate and probiotic pre-treatment in a murine model of Parkinson’s diseasePro-inflammatory cytokine expression in the colon was quantified by qRT PCR and normalized against GAPDH expression. Both TNF-α and IL-1β levels were found to be elevated in DSS-treated mice following sacrifice. *p < 0.05 compared to water intake control animalsBack to article page