Fig. 4.
From: Systemic administration of β-glucan induces immune training in microglia
LPS- and BG-preconditioned mice microglia display an exaggerated reactive morphotype in response to a second LPS injection in cortex. a Representative images of Iba1-staining in the cortex across different groups (scale bar: 50 μm). b Violin plots of representative morphometric parameters for cortical microglia across experimental groups. The significance was determined by Wald chi-square test for linear mixed models. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001. c Sholl analysis of cortical microglia across groups. The vertical lines represent +/- standard deviations. d PCA plot depicts all individual cells selected in cortex on principal component plane. The x and y axes represent the first and second principal components (PC1 and PC2), respectively. e Hierarchical clustering on principal components resulted in 6 cell clusters (I-VI). The dashed line indicates the cut off for 6 clusters. f Representative cells from each cluster are shown. g Cluster distribution analysis of LPS- and BG-preconditioned mice microglia 3 h after second LPS challenge in cortex. Microglia from naïve mice with two PBS injections (PBS-2d-PBS group) and mice that only received one LPS challenge for 3 h (PBS-2d-LPS group) were included as controls. The number of microglia selected in the different groups: PBS-2d-PBS: 228 cells; PBS-2d-LPS: 210 cells; LPS-2d-LPS: 220 cells; BG-2d-LPS: 208 cells (n= 4 mice for each experimental group).