Table 1 Baseline demographic and clinical findings of AQP4-IgG⁺ patients, MOG-IgG⁺ patients and healthy controls

Number, n

33

16^b

38

–

–

age, years, mean (SD)

50 (14)

46 (15)

42 (13)

0.27

0.60

Female/male, n/n (% female)

30/3 (91)

10/6 (63)

31/7 (82)

0.71

0.27

Time from disease onset to baseline visit, months, median (IQR)

79 (52–108)

50 (10–148)

n.a.

0.04

–

Time from last attack prior to baseline visit to baseline visit, months, median (IQR)

26 (11–56)

8 (4–24)

n.a.

0.53

–

≥ 1 attack during previous year, n (%)

11 (33)

11 (69)

n.a.

0.76

–

0.65

–

 Optic neuritis

12 (36)

10 (63)

n.a.

 Myelitis

19 (58)

6 (37)

n.a.

 Brainstem encephalitis

1 (3)

0 (0)

n.a.

EDSS, median (IQR)

4.0 (2.0–5.0)

2.5 (2.0–3.0)

n.a.

0.63

–

MSFC, mean (SD)

− 0.03 (0.69)

0.25 (0.58)

n.a.

0.44

–

9-HPT score, mean (SD)

0.0484 (0.0084)

0.0483 (0.0084)

n.a.

0.01

–

T25-FW, s, median (IQR)

5.3 (4.2– 6.2)

4.1 (3.1– 4.9)

n.a.

0.92

–

PASAT, median (IQR)

51 (33– 55)

54 (42– 58)

n.a.

0.31

–

Immunotherapy, n (%)

No: 4 (12) Any: 29 (88)

No: 4 (25) Any: 12 (75)

n.a.

0.34

–

RTX: 20 (61) AZA: 6 (18)

RTX: 8 (50) AZA: 1 (6)

n.a.

–

–

MMF: 1 (3) BEL: 1 (3) TCZ: 1 (3)

MMF: 1 (6) GLC: 2 (13)

n.a.

–

–

sGFAP (pg/ml), median (IQR)

109.2 (63.1– 154.8)

81.1 (58.2–116.9)

67.7 (56.6–90.7)

0.03

0.86

sNfL (pg/ml), median (IQR)

21.9 (16.6–41.4)

26.6 (15.9– 43.7)

19.2 (13.7– 29.4)

0.23

0.45