Fig. 2

The Nrf2 pathway controls the phenotype of phloretin-treated macrophages. A ROS production in vehicle- or phloretin-treated BMDMs stimulated with PMA (n = 9). B NO production in vehicle- or phloretin-treated BMDMs stimulated with LPS (n = 9–11) C. mRNA levels of the pro-inflammatory genes IL-6, NOS2, COX2 and IL-12 in vehicle- or phloretin-treated BMDMs stimulated with LPS (n = 13–16). D mRNA levels of Nrf2-response genes HO1 and NQO1 in LPS-stimulated WT and Nrf2 KO BMDMs (n = 9–10). The dotted line represents corresponding LPS-stimulated control cells stimulated without phloretin. E ROS production (n = 5–9) in vehicle- or phloretin-treated WT and Nrf2 KO BMDMs after PMA stimulation. F Pro-inflammatory gene expression of NOS2, IL-6, COX2 and IL-12 (n = 9–10) in phloretin-treated WT and Nrf2 KO BMDMs after LPS stimulation. The dotted line represents corresponding LPS-stimulated control cells stimulated without phloretin. Ctrl, control; phl, phloretin. Data are represented as mean ± s.e.m. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 and ****p < 0.0001