Fig. 2

GLUT 1 downregulation and impairment of the blood–brain barrier in postsurgical aged mice. A–C GLUT1 mRNA expression in the hippocampus on (A) POD 1, n = 3–5 mice per group; (B) POD 7, n = 6–7 mice per group and (C) POD 14, n = 3–4 mice per group; one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison test. D Western blot representative images of GLUT1 from cerebral micro-vessel on POD 14. E GLUT1 expression from cerebral micro-vessel on POD 14, One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison test with n = 8 mice per group. F representative confocal images showing GLUT1 staining on POD 14, scale bar: 100um; G histogram showing quantification of GLUT1⁺ relative intensity on POD 14. H Representative confocal images showing tight junction marker claudin 5 staining on POD 14, scale bar: 50um; I Histogram showing quantification of claudin5⁺ relative intensity on POD 14. J Representative confocal images showing tight junction marker ZO-1 staining on POD 14, scale bar: 20um; K Histogram showing quantification of ZO-1⁺ relative intensity on POD 14; One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison test with n = 3–4 mice per group. Data presented as mean ± SEM, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. CON = control, SEVO = sevoflurane, LAP = laparotomy