Fig. 2

Properdin knockout ameliorates microglial activation and inflammation in tMCAO mice. a qPCR assessment of differentially expressed inflammatory genes, including Il1a, Il1b, Il4, Il6, Il10, Nos2, Ccl2 and Tnf, in the ischemic penumbra 1 d and 3 d after tMCAO. n = 5 mice per group. *P < 0.05 versus the sham group, **P < 0.01 versus the sham group, ^#P < 0.05 versus the WT group, ^##P < 0.01 versus the WT group, one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc test. b Immunostaining for TMEM119 (green) and Iba1 (red) and 3D-reconstructed images of TMEM119⁺Iba1⁺ microglia 1 d and 3 d after tMCAO. Scale bar: 50 µm. n = 5 mice per group. *P < 0.05 versus the WT group, **P < 0.01 versus the WT group, unpaired Student’s t test. c Quantification of Iba1 MFI. d Quantification of average branch length, branch numbers and junctions of 3D-reconstructed microglia in the peri-infarct region. e One day after tMCAO, microglia sorted based on the CD45^int and CD11b⁺ strategy were subjected to PCR array analysis. f FACS analysis of IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 expression in microglia 1 d after tMCAO. MFI was quantified. n = 5 mice per group. ***P < 0.001 versus the sham group, ^##P < 0.01 versus the WT group, one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc test