Fig. 4

Dasatinib induces patient- and model-specific cytokine responses. A, B Log-transformed mRNA expression of the inflammatory cytokines IL-6, TNF-α, IL-8, TGF-β, IL-10, IL-1β and IL-18 in untreated HC (n = 7–8) and AD (n = 12) MDMi (2D, 3D and 3D co-cultures). C, D Fold change of cytokine mRNA expression levels following 24 h exposure to 100 nM dasatinib compared to vehicle (DMSO)-treated cultures in HC (n = 4–6) and AD (n = 7–8) MDMi (2D, 3D and 3D co-cultures). Red arrowheads indicate significance compared to vehicle-treated condition. Dotted black lines represent baseline responses of vehicle-treated cultures. E, F Heat maps showing HC (n = 5) and AD (n = 8) donor-specific changes in mRNA expression from 2D and 3D MDMi mono-cultures. Red-yellow color spectrum represents relative fold change of mRNA expression after dasatinib treatment compared to vehicle. Expression changes falling outside the displayed range are indicated in dark blue. Data are presented as mean ± SD. Data points and n represent biological replicates (donors). One-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s multiple comparison test; **P < 0.01, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001