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Fig. 2 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 2

From: Parkinson’s disease-derived α-synuclein assemblies combined with chronic-type inflammatory cues promote a neurotoxic microglial phenotype

Fig. 2

Regulation of human macrophage-associated TPP-specific inflammatory markers in microglial cells. A Representative images showing CD25 immunostaining (green) with Hoechst nuclear stain (blue) in nonstimulated microglial cells (NSC) and cells exposed to IL4 (10 ng/mL), IFNγ (20 ng/mL) or a combination of TNFα (17 ng/mL), PGE2 (1 µg/mL) and Pam3CSK4 (1 µg/mL) (TPP stimulation). Scale bar: 60 µm. B Quantification of CXCL5 and IL1α release by microglial cells exposed or not (NSC) to the indicated treatments. Data are means ± SEM (n = 4). *p < 0.05 vs. TPP (Tukey’s test). C Quantification of ROS production measured via the NBT reaction in microglial cells exposed or not (NSC) to the indicated treatments. The data are expressed as fold increase relative to nonstimulated cells (NSC) and are represented as the means ± SEM (n = 4). *p < 0.05 vs. TPP (Tukey’s test)

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