Fig. 3

Purified, commercial α-synuclein antibodies exert similar neurotoxic effects as observed with serum containing α-synuclein autoantibodies. (A) Percent NmC-positive cells, relative to untreated (pre-treatment) 0 d, upon exposure to antibody vehicle controls, sodium azide and glycerol. (B) Percent NmC-positive cells, relative to pre-treatment at 0 d, at 1 d and 3 d after treatment with several commercial anti-human α-syn Abs. (C) Percent NmC-positive cells, relative to pre-treatment at 0 d, at 1 d, and 3 d after treatment with rat-specific α-syn antibody. Note: cells used for (C) did not overexpress human α-syn, but only NmC. (D) Percent NmC-positive cells, relative to pre-treatment at 0 d, at 1 d and 3 d after treatment with antibodies against Synapsin-1, GAPDH, and GFP. (E) Representative images of MAP2 staining and neuron-specific NmC expression in α-syn + NmC transduced cells, after 3 d of exposure with α-syn Ab (ab138501). All commercial antibodies were applied at a concentration of 1 µg/ml. N = 4–5 biological and 8–10 technical replicates. Statistics by one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s multiple comparison test; statistical power (1-ß error probability) > 0.9 for all conditions. n.s. = not significant; *** = p < 0.001