Fig. 1

The Expression of inflammatory cytokines in LPS-treated BV2 microglial cells and the impact of their conditioned medium on the survival of SH-SY5Y cells. A Transcriptional changes of pro-inflammatory cytokines (Il-1β, Il-6 and Tnf-α) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (Il-4 and Il-10) in BV2 cells exposed to 10 ng/ml LPS for 0, 4, 6, 8 and 24 h. n = 3–4/group. B The experimental schedule diagram showing establishment of innate immune memory models in BV2 microglial cells. C Transcription levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (Il-1β, Il-6 and Tnf-α) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (Il-4 and Il-10) in the BV2 microglial cells detected by RT-qPCR. n = 4–5/group. Ctrl, Control; IF, Inflammation; TR, Training; TL, Tolerance. D Cell viability of SH-SY5Y cells. The experimental procedure for LPS-pretreatment and the resting time interval were the same as B, conditioned medium (CM) was collected from BV2 cells after a 24 h-incubation with 100 ng/mL LPS. Cell viability was determined 48 h after incubated with CM collected from BV2 cells. n = 4/group. Differences were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by LSD multiple comparison tests. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 vs control groups; ^#p < 0.05, ^##p < 0.01, ^###p < 0.001. The difference shown by “+” was analyzed by unpaired t test. ⁺p < 0.05